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近五年高考128个核心单词考查短语
1. absorb
be absorbed in 全神贯注于
be absorbed by/with 入神地研究
2. accompany
accompany sb to 陪…到…
accompany sb at/on…用…给…伴奏
be accompanied by/with…与…同时发生/存在、兼带、附有
in the accompany of sb 在…的陪伴下
3. account
account for 说明…的原因/占
on account of 由于/因为
take account of sth 考虑/顾及…
take sth into account 考虑/顾及…
4. accuse
accuse sb of (doing) sth 指控…做…
5. accustom
accustom oneself to sth 使…习惯于…
be accustomed to sth 习惯于…
be accustomed to doing sth 习惯于做…
get/become/grow accustomed to sth 适应/习惯于…
6. acknowledge
acknowledge doing sth 承认做了…
acknowledge sth as/to be 认为某事…
7. act
act as 充当/扮演
act for 代理/代表
act out （用手势/动作）表示出来
act on /upon 起作用/生效
act against 违反
8. add
add to 增加/增添
add…to 把…加到…
add up 加起来
add up to 总计/共
in addition另外
in addition to 此外/除此以外
9. adapt
adapt to 适应(=adjust to)
adapt oneself to 使…自己适应/习惯于
adapt sth for sth 改变…以便在不同的情况下使用
adapt from 根据…改写/改编
10. adjust
adjust to 适应
11. admit
admit doing sth 承认做…
be admitted to 准许（入学等）
admit one’s mistake 承认错误
12. advise
advise doing sth 建议做…
advise sb (not) to do sth 建议…做/不做…
advise that sb( should )do 建议…应做…
13. afford
afford to do sth 有能力做…
afford sth 买得起…
afford sb sth 为…提供…
14. agree
agree with sb/one`s opinion /what one said 同意某人的意见/观点/看法
agree to sth 同意某物
agree on sth （双方）就…达成共识
agree to do sth同意做…
15. allow
allow sb to do sth 允许…做…
allow doing sth 允许做…
allow for 考虑、顾及
allow of 容许/有可能
allow sb in /up /out 允许…进/起来/出去
16. appeal
appeal to/for 恳求/强烈呼吁
appeal against（提出）上诉
appeal to （某物）使喜欢/吸引/使感兴趣
17. apply
apply to sb /sth 适用于/运用于
apply to sb for help 请求…帮助
apply oneself to sth 专心于…
apply one’s mind to sth 专心于…
apply a theory to practice 把理论运用于实践
apply for a job提出工作申请
18. apologize
apologize to sb for (doing) sth 为（做）…向…道歉
make an apologize to sb for( doing) sth为（做）…向…道歉
19. argue
argue with sb about/over sth 与…辩论…
argue for 为…而辩护
argue against 辩驳\反驳
argue sb into/out of doing sth 劝说…做/不做
20. attach
attach sth to sth 将…与…相联系
attach omeself to sb /sth 加入/依附
attach sb to sb /sth 使隶属于…
be attached to 依恋/留恋
21. attempt
attempt to do sth 试图/尝试做…
make an attempt to do sth试图做…
make an attempt on/upon sth 试图夺取…
make an attempt at doing sth试图做…
22. attend
attend to
attend on /upon
be attended by
23. believe
believe in 信任、信仰
beyond believe 难以置信
believe it or not 信不信由你
24. blame
blame sb for (doing) sth 因…责备…
be to blame (for…)应承担责任/该受到责备
25. break
break down 中断/分解/出故障
break up 分解/散开/打碎
break in 闯入/打断/插嘴
break into 闯入/强行进入
break off 中断/绝交/休息一下
break out 发生/爆发
break through 突破
break open 以暴力启开
break away from逃走/脱离
break in tears 突然大哭起来
without /with a break 不停的/休息一会儿
break into laughter突然大笑起来
26. bring
bring in 获利/赚钱/提出/获得(收成等)
bring out 出版/阐明
bring on 使发生/引起
bring up提出/抚养/呕吐
bring down击落/推翻
bring about 使发生/造成
bring sb sth /bring sth to /for sb 带给…某物
bring back归还/记起
bring sb/oneself to do sth 使某人/自己做…
bring …to an end 结束
27. burn
burn down 烧毁/烧光/烧为平地
burn up 烧掉/烧毁/越烧越旺
burn off 烧掉
burn out （使）烧坏、烧光
burn with 有（强烈的情绪或要求）
burn…to sth 将…烧成…状态
28. burst
burst into sth 突然…起来
burst into doing sth 突然开始做…
burst out doing sth 突然开始做…
burst open 猛然被推开
29. call
call at sp 到(某地)拜访
call back 回电话
call in 请(进来)/召集
call on /upon 拜访/呼吁
call up 打电话/使…想起
call for 需要/要求
call out 大声喊叫
call forth 唤起/引起/招致
call after 以…的名字命名
call on sb to do sth呼吁/号召…做…
30. care
care for 喜欢/关心/照顾 照看
care about 担心焦虑
31. charge
charge for 收费/要价
charge sb with sth 控告
charge into /down…冲进（向…下跑去）
charge a battery 给电池充电
free of charge 免费的/地
in/under one’s charge 由…负责
in the charge of 由…负责
get charged 导电
take charge of /in charge of 主管/掌管
on charge 在充电
at one’s own charge 自费/用自己的钱
32. compare
compare…with 把…与…相比
compare…to 把…比作…
compared with /to 与…相比（在句中作状语）
33. come
come about 产生/发生
come along 过来/跟着来
come on 加油
come after 跟在…后面
come into being 形成/产生
come out 出来/开花/出版
come to 共计/达到
come over to 造访/来访
come up to 到达/比得上/不亚于
come to know 逐渐认识
come to a stop /an end 结束/停止
come into force /effect 生效
come into power /office 上任
come across 偶然碰到
come to oneself /come back to life苏醒过来
come at 袭击
come down下来/败落
come true 变为现实
come up with 提出/想出（计划、答复等）
come into use开始使用
come up 引起注意/走近/发生/考虑
come up against 碰到/遭到（反对）
34. complain
complain to sb of /about sth 向…抱怨…
complain of doing sth 抱怨做…
35. concern
concern (oneself)about /for 担忧、关心
concern (oneself) with /in 从事、参与
be concerned about /over /for 关心、挂念
be concerned with /in 牵扯到、与…有关
be concerned with /in 牵扯到、与…有关
show /express concern about /for 对…表示关心
36. conclude
conclude from 从…得出结论
37. consider
consider sb to be/as认为…是…
consider doing sth 考虑做…
38. consist
consist of由…构成
consist in 在于、存在于
39.convince
convince sb of sth 使…相信…
convince sb to do 说服…做…
convince sb that 使…确信…
be convinced of /that…确信
40. cut
cut off 切断/砍掉
cut up 切碎
cut in 插嘴
cut out 割断/剪下/戒除
cut short 缩短/打断
cut through 抄近路/穿过/剪断
cut down 砍/削减/减少
cut back 缩减
41. date
date back to 追溯到…
date from 追溯到…
out of date 过时的/陈旧的
up to date现在的/最新的
to date到目前为止
the date line 国际日期变更线
42. demand
demand of sb to do sth要求…做…
demand sth of/from sb 向…要求…
demand to do sth 要求做…
in great demand 急需
demand that sb（should）do sth要求…做…
43. deny
deny doing 否认做过…
deny sth to be 否认…是...
44. desire
have a strong /no desire to do 极想/不想做
at one's desire 应…的要求
desire that sb (should) do希望…做
desire to do渴望做…
leave nothing to be desired 完美无缺
desire sb to do 希望…做…
45. develop
develop…into 发展/长成为…
develop…from /out of 由…发展起来
develop a film 冲洗胶卷
develop mind and body 身心发展
develop a new business 发展新事业
46. devote
devote to (doing)sth 献身于/专心于
devote oneself to把…献给
devote one’s life /time to 把…用在
be devoted to 专心致志于/忠于/很喜欢
47. die
die out 灭绝/完全消失/绝迹
die of 死于
die from 死于
die for 为…而死
die away (音/风/光)渐渐消失
die down 逐渐减弱/平息
die off 相继死去
die hard (旧习惯等)难改变/消去
be dying for 渴望/极想
48. do
do for 使完蛋 /足够/合适
do up 收拾、打扮、扣上、系上
do with 处理、对付
do without 不用、不要
do over 重做/装饰
do out 清扫/清理
do all one can to do sth 尽力做…
do sth up 修理/重新装修
do all that one can to do sth 尽力做…
do oneself up 梳妆/打扮自己
do what(ever) one can to do sth 尽力做…
do away with 除掉、结束、杀死
do everthing one can to do sth 尽力做…
do (vi) 够、合适
49. dress
dress sb /oneself 给…（自己）穿衣服
dress up 穿上盛装
dress (sb)up as sb /sth 打扮成…
dress sth up 修饰、掩饰
be dressed in 穿着…
50. drive
drive off 迫使…离开/击退/用车把…接走
drive in 乘坐
drive …into …把…打进…
drive sb mad 使…发疯
drive sb out of one’s mind 使…丧失理智
51. drop
drop out (of) 不参加/退出/辍学
drop off（数量）减少/（价格）降低
drop to 下降到
drop in on sb 顺便拜访..
drop into a deep sleep 陷入酣睡中
drop history 不学/不选修历史
52. engage
engage sb to sb 使…与…订婚
get /be engaged to sb 与…订婚
engage oneself to do sth 自愿做…
be engaged in (doing) sth 忙于（做）…
engage with 连接、使吻合
53. equip
equip sb/sth with sth 用…装备…
equip sb for 使…有能力胜任…
sb be equipped to do sth 使某人有能力做…
54. expand
expand in /into 把…扩展/发展/膨胀
expand on sth 阐述/评述
55. fail
fail to do sth 未能做…
fail in doing sth 干…失败
fail in an exam 考试没及格
without fail 一定/务必
56. fall
fall behind 落后
fall down 掉下/倒塌/下降/失败
fall into the habit of 染上…的习惯
fall in love with sb 爱上…
fall to pieces 倒塌/崩溃
fall to the ground 跌倒在地
fall ill /sick /asleep /silent 生病/入睡/不吱声
a heavy fall of rain 一场大雨
have many falls 跌了很多跤
57. feed
feed…on sth /feed sth to …用…喂…
feed on sth 以…为食
feed back 反馈
58. fight
fight for 为…而战
fight against 与…作战
fight with 与…作战/共同对付
fight over 为…而争吵
59. fit
fit in (with) 与…相适应/协调
fit sb /sth in (sth) 安排某人/某事
fit sb /sth out with sth 向…提供所需的东西
fit sb up for sth 诬陷…（犯某事）
be fit for 适合某事
be fit to do sth 适合做…
60. forbid
forbid doing sth 禁止做…
forbid sb to do sth 禁止…做…
61. force
force sb to do sth 强迫…做…
force…open 强行打开…
force…into…迫使…进入…
force sth from/out of sb 从…强行夺取…
force one's way 强行前进/挤过
do…with force 用力做…
by force 用暴力
by force of 借…之力
the air force 空军
labour force 劳力
come into force 实施（法律等）
62. get
get across 传播/使人理解
get about 走动/（消息等）传开
get ahead 获得成功/取得进展/领先
get along (with) 进展/相处
get around /round 走动/传开/克服/设法回避
get at 到达（某地）/挖苦（某人）
get away (from) 逃走
get back 回来
get down 写下
get into 进入/陷入
get off 从…下来
get on 上车/马/飞机
get out 逃出/泄露/出版/发表
get over 从…恢复/克服/解决
get through 完成/打通/度过
get together 聚会
get up起床
get rid of 摆脱
get hold of 抓住
get charged /killed /lost /married /paid / 导电/被杀/丢失/结婚/得到报酬
get burnt /broken /damaged /robbed /drunk / hurt / asked
被烧/摔坏/受损/被抢劫/醉酒/受伤/被问及
get to 到达
get a cold 感冒
get down to (doing) sth 开始认真做…
get in touch with 与…取得联系
get into( a habit of …) 养成…的习惯
get into trouble 陷入困境
get ready准备好
get sth done 使…被做
get angry /wet /dirty 生气/变湿/弄脏
get close to 接近/靠近
63. give
give sth back 归还/送还
give in (to sb /sth) 投降/屈服/让步
give sth in =hand in sth 呈交
give (sb /sth) away 泄露/捐赠/赠送
give off 发出气味/热气等
give up (doing) sth 放弃(做)…
give out 分发/用完/耗尽/发出(声音
64. go
go wrong /bad / blind /hungry 出错/变坏/变瞎/饥饿
65. guarantee
guaranee sb /sth against /from保证…不受/免遭
guarantee sth to sb向…担保/保证
66. hand
hand in 上交
hand out 分发/散发
hands up 举手
hand in hand 手拉手
at hand 在手边/附近、即将到来
in hand 在手中
shake hands with sb 和…握手
by hand 用手工
give sb a free hand 放手让…干…
first/second hand 亲手/二手
67. help
help sb (to)do sth 帮助…做…
help sb with sth帮助…做…
can’t help doing 禁不住做…
can’t help to do 不能帮忙做…
can’t help but do 不得不做
help oneself to 随便、自取
help sb out 帮助…摆脱困境
with the help of 在…的帮助下
68. hesitate
hesitate about doing sth对做…犹豫不决
hesitate to do sth 对做…犹豫不决
hesitate about /over sth对做…犹豫不决
hesitate in speaking 说话吞吞吐吐
without hesitation 毫不犹豫
69. hold
hold up 举起/支撑/阻挡/使停顿
hold back 阻止/抑制/退缩/踌躇
hold out 伸出/坚持/维持/提供
hold to 坚持（方向/原则）
hold on 继续/不挂断坚持下去/等候
hold on to 抓住不放
hold sb /sth up 延误某人/某物
70. imagine
imagine doing sth 想象做
imagine one’s doing sth 想象…做
71. impress
impress…on 给…留下…印/把…印在…上
be impressed by /with /at 被…所感动
be impressed on one’smind /memory 印在…的脑海里
make /leave a /an…impression on sb 给…留下…印象
72. insist
insist that sb (should) do 坚持要求做…
insist on doing sth 坚持要求做…
73. intend
intend to do sth 打算做…
intend sb to do sth 打算让…做…
intend sth for sb /sth 为…而计划
be intended for 为…打算/设计的
intend sth by sth 通过…意指…
intend sth as sth 意欲…成为…
74. judge
judge sb /sth by sth 以…判定/评价
judge sb /sth to be 估计…是…
judging from 根据…来判断
judged by 根据…来判断
as far as one can judge 据我看来
in one’s judgement 依…看
75. keep
keep out 置身于…之外/不让…进来
keep on doing sth 继续做…
keep off 推迟/避开/挡住
keep from 阻止/隐瞒/使不做…
keep up 保持/继续
keep up with 跟上/不落在后面
keep to 遵守/信守/坚持
keep down 压制/镇压/控制
keep back 阻止/揶制/隐瞒/保留
keep at 继续做
keep an eye out for sb /sth 提防/警觉/留心
keep an eye on 照看/照料
76. knock
knock about 冲击、接连打击
knock down 击倒、拆除
knock in 敲击
knock into 将…敲进、强行灌输
knock out 敲击、击倒、打败
knock over打翻、推翻、撞到
knock up 敲门叫醒
knock together 相撞
knock against 撞到、遇到
knock off 敲落、中断
knock…out of 从…中敲出
77. lay
lay aside 留待后用/把…搁在一旁/储存
lay down 放下/规定/交出/制定
lay off 解雇/停止/休息/不理会/使失业
lay the table 摆桌子
lay out 布置/安排/铺开/展开/摆出
lay down one’s life for 为…而牺牲
lay the foundation of 奠定…的基础
78. leave
leave out 省去/遗漏/不考虑
leave alone 不打扰/不干预
leave behind 不带/忘了带
leave off 停止/中断
leave for 动身去…
leave sb doing…让…做…
leave sth as it is /they are 听其自然发展
leave /let …be 别管
leave sth with sb 把…暂时托付给…
leave sth to /for sb 把…留给…
leave sb sth把…留给…
leave sth open 让…开着
79. lead
lead to sth /to doing sth 导致/造成
lead sb to do sth导致…做…
lead sb to sp引…到…去
80. live
live with 和…一起生活/容忍/忍受住
live up to 遵守、符合
live through 度过、经受住、经历…后还活者
live on 以…为食 /继续活着
live for 以…为生活目标
live off 依赖…生活
live out one’s dream 实现梦想
live and let live 宽容别人
live by( doing …)通过…（手段）谋生/按…的规律生活
81. look
look back on /up 回顾/回想
look down on 蔑视/看不起
look for 寻找
look forward to 期望/盼望
look into 调查
look on…as 把…看作…
look out 当心/小心
look over 快速查看
look through 审核/仔细查看
look up 查阅、向上看
look after 照顾/照料
look around round 环顾、四处看看
look at 看/注视
look like /as if 看起来像/好像
82. make
make up 捏造/虚构/和解/占（比例）/化妆
make for 向…前进/有利于
make up for 补偿/弥补
make it 成功/达到目标
make…into…把…制成…
make sb /sth out 认出…
make out 辨认/理解/认出/填写 /设法应付/活下去
be made of /from 由…制成
be made up of 由…组成
make off 匆匆离开/逃走
make out that…声称/断言
make the most /best of 充分利用
make (it) up with sb 和…和好/和解
make ends meet 使收支相抵
make (good /full) use of 充分利用
make sense 讲得通/有道理
make sense of 懂/了解…的含义
make no sense 讲不通/无意义
manage: manage without 在没有…的情况下应付过去
manage to do 设法做成…
83. marry
sb marry sb 娶/嫁
sb be /get married to sb娶/嫁给…
sb has been married for…结婚…（时间）
marry sb to sb把…许配给…
84. motivate
motivate sb to do sth
85. need
need to do （某人）需要做…
need do（某人）需要做…
need doing（某物）需要被做…
need to be done（某物）需要被做…
at need 紧急时
more than needs 超过需要
meet the needs of 满足…需要
be in need of 需要
There’s no need to do /for sth 不需要做…
86. offer
offer sb sth 为…提供…
offer sth to sb…提供…
offer to do sth 主动提出做…
offer sb money for sth 出钱向…买…
offer sb sth for money 某物卖给…要…钱
87. pay
pay（money）for 付钱、支付
pay back 偿还、报答、报复
pay off 还请（债务）、取得成功
pay out 花费、支出
pay the bill 结帐
pay…to sb 付钱给…
pay sb for sth 因…给…报酬
pay attention to 注意
pay a visit to 访问
88. prefer
prefer sth to sth 喜欢…胜于…
prefer doing sth to doing sth 宁愿做…而不愿做…
prefer sth to sth 喜欢…胜于…
prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做…而不愿做…
89. prevent
prevent sb from doing sth阻止…做…
prevent one’s doing 阻止…做…
90. promise
promise sth /to do sth 承诺…/做…
promise sb to do sth 许诺…做…
promise sb sth /sth to sb 答应某人某事
91. provide
provide sth for sb 向…提供…
provide sb with sth向…提供…
provided /providing that…只要
provide against 预防/防备
provide for 赡养/抚养
93. quit
quit (doing) sth 停止做…
be quit of 摆脱/脱离/免除
96. reduce
reduce to 减少到
reduce by减少了
99. require
require sth of sb要求某人某事
require sb to do sth 要求…做…
(sth) requires doing /to be done（某物）需要被做
require that sb (should)do 要求…做…
100. respond
respond to sb /sth 回答/响应
in response to 作为对…的反应
107. send
send out 发送/派发/发出（光/热等）
send off 给…送行
send forth 发出（光/热等）
send up 发射/使…上去
send sb sth /send sth to sb 送/寄…给…
send for 派人去请/拿
send sb doing sth 使…做…
send sb to do sth派…做…
110. show
show sb around /round sth 带领…参观…
show off 炫耀
for show 为炫耀/装门面
on show 展出/展览(=on exhibition)
struggle with/against 与…搏斗
115. suffer
suffer from 患…（病）、受…（苦）
118. suspect
suspect sb of doing sth 怀疑…做…
119. take
take off 脱下/起飞/成功/腾飞
take after (长相/举止)像…
take sth back 收回
take sb back to 让…回想/追忆
take over 接管 /接收/控制
take in 收留/吸收/欺骗/接受/理解
take up 拿起/占地/费时/开始从事/开始学
take down 记下/写下
take on 呈现 /从事/雇佣/接受/聘用/聘请
take to 开始喜欢/从事
take apart 把…拆开
take away 带走/拿走 /使消失
take out 拿出 取出
take back 收回
120. tear
tear( sth )apart 撕开
tear down 拆掉/拆除
tear at 撕/扯
tear away（使）勉强离去
tear into 攻击/抨击/严厉斥责
tear up 撕毁
121. tend
tend to do sth 往往容易做…
tend to sb 照料/护理…
tend to/towards 倾向于/趋于
122. think
think of 考虑/想到
think of doing sth 打算做..
think about 考虑/回想
think over 仔细思考
think out 想出
think highly/well of 对…评价很高
think little/poorly/badly of 对…评价好/不好
think of…as… 把…看作/以为…是
What do you think of…? 你认为…怎么样？
124. treat
treat …as 视…为…
treat sb (for sth) 治疗某人
treat sb /oneself to sth 请…/自己吃…
treat sb fairly /badly 无情/公平地对待
125. turn
turn around /round 转过身/转过来
turn away 回绝/把…打发走/转过脸
turn up 调大出面/调大
turn down 关小/调低/拒绝
turn in 上缴/退还
turn into 变成
turn off 关掉
turn on 打开
turn out (to be)/that…结果是…
turn over 翻过来/移交/翻阅
turn to 转向/求助于/查阅/依赖
turn back 折回/往回走
turn about 转身
take turns to do sth 轮流做…
in turn 轮流/依次/反过来
by turns 轮流地
127. wear
wear sth away 磨损/用光/消失
wear sb /sth down 削弱
wear off 变弱/消失
wear sb out 使…筋疲力尽
wear sth out 使耗尽/破损
sth be worn out …破了
128. work
work at 从事于
work on 从事于/继续工作
work in 加进/插入
work out 算出/结果/锻炼
work off 排除/发泄
work up 使激动/逐步建立
work over 逼供/拷问
work with 与…共事
out of work 失业
at work 在工作/在起作用
